清华物理系学术报告：Two Distinct Populations of Thermonuclear Supernovae



报告题目：	Two Distinct Populations of Thermonuclear Supernovae
报告人：	王晓峰
报告时间：	2013年3月15日（周五） 13:30
报告地点：	物理系三楼报告厅
报告摘要:	We show for the first time that a particular type of stellar explosion due to igniting white dwarf (dubbed as type Ia supernova) can be grouped into two distinct classes, according to the ejecta velocities measured around the maximum brightness. The class with relatively higher ejecta velocity is found to be associated with more metal-rich and perhaps younger stellar systems than the class with lower velocity. This is a very significant result as this particular kind of supernova plays a very important role in the current attempts to map the expansion history of the Universe. Observations of type Ia supernovae in 1998 have led to the discovery of accelerating expansion of the Universe which was awarded the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics. However, it is embarrassing that the physics of these explosions of Type Ia supernovae, as well as their progenitor systems, remain elusive till today. Fortunately, the dataset of well-observed Type Ia supernovae has grown significantly in recent years and astronomers are able to probe the statistical behavior of supernova properties and establish a link to the host galaxy environments where they exploded. We studied 188 nearby Type Ia supernovae with good photometric and spectral coverage and discovered that the supernovae with low and high expansion velocities are fundamentally different from each other. This research is published on Science Express on Mar. 07 2013 [DOI:10.1126/science.1231502], entitled “Evidence for Two Distinct Populations of Type Ia Supernovae”. I would also like to talk about the Tsinghua-NAOC Transient Survey (TNTS), as a part of Chinese Transient Factory (CTF) project that I am leading, which already successfully discovered ~30 supernovae, dozens of novae, a lot of variable stars, and AGN etc.. Our project is playing an important role in discovering nearby supernovae in the world.